Analysis of Carbon Monoxide Exposure for Fourteen Cities Using HAPEM-MS3

摘要

This report describes results and findings of applying the Hazardous Air211u001ePollutant Exposure Model (HAPEM) for mobile sources, Version 3. This version is 211u001eformally known as HAPEM-MS3. The application is to fourteen urban areas for 211u001ecalendar year 1990. The urban areas modeled include Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, 211u001eDenver, Houston, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, New York City, Philadelphia, Phoenix, 211u001eSan Francisco, Spokane, St. Louis, and Washington DC. The report contains a 211u001edescription of the HAPEM-MS3 model, model results and a discussion of their 211u001eimplications, an uncertainty assessment, and a description of quality control 211u001emeasures undertaken during conduct of the study. Appendices contain detailed 211u001etables of model results of all 14 areas and a map of each area. Principle results 211u001eare urban-area specific tables containing human exposure estimates to ambient 211u001ecarbon monoxide sources disaggregated by demographic groups, calendar quarter of 211u001ethe year, and by county within an urban area. Other tables are presented that 211u001efocus on summary statistics for population exposure estimates by hour, air 211u001edistrict, and microenvironment where the exposure people are located. Percentile 211u001eand fractile estimates of population exposure are also presented for selected 211u001epopulation cohorts.