NTP Report on Carcinogens Background Document for Smokeless Tobacco.

摘要

Chewing tobacco and snuff are the two main forms of smokeless tobacco used in the United States. Chewing tobacco consists of the tobacco leaf with the stem removed and various sweeteners and flavorings such as honey, licorice, and rum. Snuff consists of the entire tobacco leaf, dried and powdered or finely cut, menthol, peppermint oil, camphor, and/or aromatic additives such as attar of roses and oil of cloves. Chewing tobacco and snuff contain known carcinogens such as volatile and nonvolatile nitrosamines, tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNAs), polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and polonium-210 e10Po). These carcinogenic TSNAs are present in twice or more the concentration found in other consumer products.