Deepwater Program: Literature Review, Environmental Risks of Chemical ProductsUsed in Gulf of Mexico Deepwater Oil and Gas Operations. Volume 2: Appendices

摘要

An inventory of chemicals used in the Gulf of Mexico was compiled using datareceived from three major energy companies operating in the Gulf of Mexico; annual reports from World Oil magazine, Material Safety Data Sheets, and a review of Hudgins' 1991 report on chemical usage. The data set establishes a chemical inventory database containing information on chemical products, handling, physical and chemical properties, and toxicological data for selected chemicals and/or products. In addition, models were developed for offshore E&P operations to estimate the volume of chemical transported, stored, and expected to be used at any one time in the Gulf of Mexico. A subject of representative chemicals used in the deep water and shallow water were selected for detailed study based on the following criteria: chemicals used offshore in high volumes; potential impact on the environment and factors affecting fate and transport. A total of 17 spill scenarios was developed and modeled using Applied Science Associates' (ASA) chemical spill model CHEMMAP. For each of the chemicals modeled, habitat areas exposed to peak concentrations or mass loadings were tabulated. These peak exposure concentrations were compared against acute toxicity data to estimate the potential impact to the environment.