NIAID Global Health Research Plan for HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and Tuberculosis

摘要

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 1,500 people die each hourfrom an infectious disease. Half of these deaths occur in children under 5 years of age, and most of the remaining deaths are in working adults who frequently are breadwinners and parents. Every year, newly identified infectious diseases are added to the burden of known infectious conditions. To an unprecedented extent, issues related to infectious diseases in the context of global health are now on the agendas of national leaders, health policymakers, and philanthropic organizations. This new attention to the globalization of health problems and their relevance to the United States was underscored in the eyes of the American public as a result of the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic. Research advances, funded through extraordinary investment in biomedical research at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), have resulted in effective treatments and a striking decrease in the AIDS-related death rate in the United States. However, the toll in suffering and death in developing nations remains enormous and dwarfs the epidemic in the United States.