Mineral Carbonation for Long-Term Storage of CO(sub 2) From Flue Gases.

摘要

Finland currently generates approximately 55% of its heat and power from fossil fuels (including peat). Although Finland is slowly shifting its fuel consumption to renewable fuels like wood and waste-derived fuels there is still a legitimate demand for more base-load energy which can be covered only by additional nuclear power or increased use of carbon-based fuel (fossil and non-fossil). This will give increased CO2 emissions in the near future, making it difficult to fullfil Finland's commitments considering CO2 emission put down in international agreements. At present, global emissions of CO2 are at levels above 19 gigatons per annum, which is the most significant quantity of greenhouse gases emissions to the atmosphere, responsible for approximately 60 % of enhanced greenhouse effect. The problem could be partly solved by CO2 sequestration, i.e. the removal of CO2 from flue gases followed by long-term storage. The only option for Finland appears to be mineral carbonation, because Finland doesn't have deep oceans or exhausted oil or gas fields, and improved forestry, biofixation and the utilization of CO2 do not have enough capacity.