NIOSH Skin Notation (SK) Profile: Phorate (CAS No. 298-02-2).

摘要

No studies were identified that estimated the degree of absorption of phorate through the skin following dermal exposure; however, the capacity of phorate to penetrate the skin can be inferred from the findings of acute toxicity studies in rats and is supported by the predictive algorithm for estimating and evaluating the health hazards of dermal exposure to chemical substances [NIOSH 2009]. The acute dermal toxicity studies in rats [Edson 1960; Gaines 1969] and an occupational exposure study [Kashyap et al. 1984] indicated phorate is highly toxic and potentially fatal in contact with skin, and it has the potential to cause systemic effects such as ChE inhibition, neurological and gastrointestinal effects, and lethality at low doses following dermal exposure. Although no standard skin irritation tests were identified for animals, a limited number of human patch tests did not indicate that phorate can cause direct skin effects or skin sensitization. Therefore, on the basis of these assessments, phorate is assigned a composite skin notation of SK: SYS (FATAL). Table 3 summarizes the skin hazard designations for phorate previously issued by NIOSH and other organizations. The equivalent dermal designation for phorate, according to the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) for the Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, is Acute Toxicity Category 1 (Hazard statement: Fatal in contact with the skin) [European Parliament 2008].