Etherification of Some C(sub 8)-Alkenes to Fuel Ethers

摘要

Tertiary ethers are formed in a reaction between alcohols and alkenes. They are used in gasoline to enhance its burning and to reduce harmful exhaust emissions. The also have high octane rating, which is beneficial for gasoline blending. Regulations in regard to fuel composition and exhaust emissions are tightening and new, cleaner burning high octane gasoline components are of wide interest. This work concerns the etherification of C8-alkenes. Several C8-alkenes were screened for their reactivity. Study of the properties of the resulting ethers showed that some of them are potential for gasoline blending. 2,4,4-Trimethyl pentenes were chosen for more detailed study in view of the availability of the feed stock in industrial scale and the promising properties of the resulting ether. The reactivity of 2,4,4-trimethyl pentenes was tested with various alcohols. The marked effect of the alcohol on the reaction rate was attributed to the polarity of the alcohol, which affects the adsorption of the components and the catalyst.