Removal of Phosphorus Using Chemically Modified Lignocellulosic Materials

摘要

Phosphorus is the limiting nutrient in water systems because surface waters receiving excess input of nutrients through wastewater discharges may be susceptible to eutrophication. The phosphorus removal processes that occur in natural, domestic, and industrial treatment systems are considered to be adsorption, chemical precipitation, and biological treatment. Among industrial treatment technologies, adsorption on a fixed-bed filtration system is commonly used to purify wastewater with a low concentration of phosphorus. In adsorption processes, diverse adsorbents such as red mud, activated alumina, polymeric ligand exchangers, iron/aluminum-coated sand, and calcium-based adsorbents, have been studied as adsorbents for phosphate removal.