Ecological Context for Regenerating Multi-cohort, Mixed species Red Pine Forests

摘要

Human disturbances have simplified the structure and composition of red pine forests, relative to historical conditions. A greater understanding of natural disturbances and their role in generating complex stand structures, and their associated benefits, has increased interest in managing for mixed-species, multi-aged stands. The authors outline a conceptual approach for adding structural and complexity to commercial red pine management and apply this approach in an operational-scale management experiment.