Homeland Security: Communication Protocols and Risk Communication Principles Can Assist in Refining the Advisory System

摘要

Established in March 2002, the Homeland Security Advisory System was designed to disseminate information on the risk of terrorist acts to federal agencies, states, localities, and the public. However, these entities have raised questions about the threat information they receive from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the costs they incurred as a result of responding to heightened alerts. This report examines (1) the decision making process for changing the advisory system national threat level$ (2) information sharing with federal agencies, states, and localities, including the applicability of risk communication principles$ (3) protective measures federal agencies, states, and localities implemented during high (codeorange) alert periods$ (4) costs federal agencies reported for those periods$ and (5) state and local cost information collected by DHS.