Challenge for the Northwest: Protecting and Managing an Increasingly Congested Transmission System

摘要

;Contents: What is the issue; What is congestion; How has the system changed; Why is the problem getting worse; What role does non-firm transmission play; How is congestion handled today; What tools are being used; Restricting maintenance outages; Curtailing firm Intertie schedules; Bypassing series capacitors and phase shifters; Re-dispatch of the federal hydro system; Real-time schedule curtailments; Load shedding; What are the economic impacts; What can be done; (Approach 1: Curtailment with enhancements, Approach 2: Commercial re-dispatch, Approach 3: Minimizing congestion proactively, Approach 4: Infrastructure building, Approach 5: Applying non-wires solutions); What happens next; Boxes; Appendices; Glossary of terms.