Inexpensive Ground Truth and Performance Evaluation for Human Tracking Using Multiple Laser Measurement Sensors

摘要

This paper will describe a flexible and inexpensive method of obtaining ground truth for the evaluation of Human Tracking systems. It is expected to be appropriate for evaluating systems used to allow robots and/or autonomous vehicles to operate safely around humans. It is currently focused on tracking people as they stand still or walk. It relies on multiple Laser Measurement Sensors(LMS) also called laser line scanners. The LMSs are mounted to scan in a horizontal plane. A method for quickly calibrating the relative position and orientation of each of the sensors to each other is described. A basic human tracking algorithm using the LMSs is described along with how the algorithm can be combined with a priori knowledge of the walkers intended path during the test. A graphical user interface(GUI) displays both the data obtained directly from the LMS and the output of the tracking algorithm. The GUI allows the user to verify and adjust the tracking algorithm without need- ing to annotate every frame, and therefore at a lower cost than systems that require extensive annotation. Tests were performed with people walking or running though several patterns, while data was simultaniously recorded by a more expensive system require individual receivers on each participant for comparison.