Status Review Update for Pacific Salmon and Steelhead Listed Under the Endangered Species Act: Southwest (20 May 2011 Update to 5 January 2011 Report).

摘要

The Endangered Species Act (ESA) requires that the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) review the status of listed species under its authority at least every five years and determine whether any species should be removed from the list or have its listing status changed. In June 2005, NMFS issued final listing determinations for 16 Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs) of Pacific Salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), and in January 2006 NMFS issued final listing determinations for 10 Distinct Population Segments (DPS) of steelhead (the anadromous form of rainbow trout: O. mykiss). The NMFS is therefore conducting a review in 2010 and early 2011 of 26 of the 28 currently listed Pacific salmonid ESUs/DPSs of West Coast Pacific salmonids1. The review is being conducting by the NMFS Northwest and Southwest Regions. This report is in response to a 23 February request from the Regions to the Northwest and Southwest Fisheries Science Centers to provide a scientific summary of the status of the subject ESUs/DPSs. The information in the report will be incorporated into the Regions reviews, and the Regions will make final determinations about any proposed changes in listing status, taking into account not only biological information but also threats to the species and ongoing or planned protective efforts. This report covers nine of the 10 ESA-listed ESUs/DPSs that lie wholly or partially in California.