Historically Black College and University Campus Sexual Assault (HBCU-CSA) Study. Final Report. Performance Period: August 1, 2007-November 30, 2010

摘要

Sexual assault has a substantial impact on both victims and society. Victims of sexual assault may suffer both immediate and long-term physical and mental health consequences, including injury, sexually transmitted diseases, and pregnancy (Holmes, Resnick, Kirkpatrick, & Best, 1996). Victims of sexual assault report increasing their visits to physicians by 18% the year of the assault, by 56% the year after the assault, and by 31% two years after the assault (Koss, 1993). Four out of five rape victims subsequently suffer from chronic physical or psychological conditions (American Medical Association, 1995), and rape victims are 13 times more likely to attempt suicide than persons who have not been crime victims and 6 times more likely than victims of other crimes (Rape in America: A Report to the Nation, 1992). Overall, rape is believed to carry the highest annual victim cost of any crime: $127 billion (excluding child sex abuse cases). It is followed by assault at $93 billion per year, murder (excluding arson and drunk driving) at $61 billion per year, and child abuse at $56 billion per year.