Effects of X-Ray Erradiation on the Frequency Temperature Behavior of Atcut Quartz Resonators

摘要

The differences in the frequency-tem¬perature characteristics of AT-cut resonators fabricated from natural quartz and all synthetic quartz investigated are known. These differences are nullified by X-ray irradiation of all the synthetic quartz except one which contains germanium. The effect of X-ray irradiation can be removed by thermal bleaching at temperatures between 200 and 500oC for a few hours. The thermal bleach¬ing temperature is different for different types of quartz.