A study is made of the saturation characteristics of cascade-circuit traveling-wave tubes. Measurements made on several tubes indicated that the saturation efficiency of these cascade-circuit tubes was much lower than that for comparable single-circuit tubes.nIn order to explain these unusual results a series of calculations is carried out using approximate expressions which are based on simple physical pictures of the interaction process.nIt is possible to explain the measured results by using these simple physical pictures. The low saturation efficiency of the cascade-circuit backward-wave amplifier is found to tie due to the nature of the boundary conditions which must exist on the demodulator section. The cascade-circuit forward-wave amplifier, if properly designed would appear to have a saturation efficiency approaching that of a single circuit tube.
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