ESTIMATE OF THE SPECIFIC IONIZATION CAUSED BY HEAVY COSMIC RAY PRIMARIES IN TISSUE OR WATER

摘要

The specific ionization caused by the primary particles of carbon, neon, iron, and niobium along their paths in water is calculated by use of the formulae of Bohr, Bethe and Bloch, for the average stopping power. The maximum specific ionization and shape and also half width of the marl mum on the end of the path of the particles is estimated according to the considera¬tions about capture and loss of electrons made by Bohr, Brunings, Knipp and Teller, and Bell.