The Flow of Water Over and Within a Protective Layer of Coarse,Granular Material,

摘要

The effectiveness of a layer of gravel in shifting the zone of relatively high velocity gradient and correspondingly high shear stress away from a channel bottom is shown by means of graphs. For purposes of generalization,pertinent quantities are arranged in appropriate dimensionless parameters through which the effects of bed slope,relative thickness of gravel layer,and relative size of gravel on a dimensionless velocity profile are presented. It is through comparison of dimensionless velocity profiles that effects and effectiveness become apparent. (Author)