Membrane Processes (Osmosis and Reverse Osmosis).

摘要

Previous work on the general problem of making more productive reverse osmosis membranes resulted in new classes of porous cellulose acetate reverse osmosis membranes for low pressure work of highly increased (100%) productivities,as well as in a new concept on the mechanism of membrane formation,named solution structure -evaporation rate concept. In this concept the state or the structure of the casting solution and the rate of solvent evaporation during film formation together constitute important related variables governing the ultimate porous structure and hence the performance of the resulting membranes in reverse osmosis. In continuation of this work,investigations were undertaken to further the understanding of the mechanism of the membrane formation process. Changes in reverse osmosis membrane performances caused by including another solvent,dioxane,as a substitution for a part of acetone in a casting dope were studied. Apparatus was constructed,built and tested for the solvent evaporation rate measurement. (Author Modified Abstract)