Assessment of Disruptive Effects Associated with Urban Transportation Tunnel Construction.

摘要

Social,economic,and environmental impacts resulting from tunnels'being constructed for mass transportation purposes in urban areas are identified. A matrix is constructed identifying the locus of costs to affected groups by four kinds of causal agents:traffic interference,property takings,environmental disturbances,and utility disruptions. A separate matrix must be constructed for social,economic,and environmental costs. The cells of the matrix must be further expanded in order to pinpoint actual costs:variables must be identified for each affected group and each causal agent and measures for the variables determined. The measurement and aggregation of impacts are discussed. Four possible ways of lessening impacts are mentioned.