Improving Regulatory Effectiveness in Federal/State Siting Actions. Environmental Planning and the Siting of Nuclear Facilities:The Integration of Water,Air,Coastal,and Comprehensive Planning into the Nuclear Siting Process.

摘要

The use of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) as a positive toll for effective nuclear facilities siting is suggested as a means of assuring that States do not ignore the national interest in energy facilities siting when formulating their environmental programs. Also,the Study includes a legal/institutional analysis of four major Federal programs which affect the siting of nuclear facilities through the establishment of Federal/State/regional planning processes:Coastal Zone Management Act,Federal Water Pollution Control Act,Clean Air Act,and Housing and Community Development Act. Once implemented,these planning processes will exert a considerable influence over the siting of nuclear facilities. Thus, a need is shown for a mechanism to make the siting processes more effective. Three ways are identified:by NRC review and comment on environmentally related programs;and by NRC providing strong incentives to its applicants to consult with and coordinate their activities with responsible State planning entities before submitting applications.