Trace Metal Detection in Aquatic Environments by Activation Analysis of Naiad Shells.

摘要

This study investigated the feasibility of using neutron activation analysis of aquatic mollusk shells to measure quantities of trace metals in water. A generalized approach to estimating the sensitivity of a particular metal/irradiation facility/assay system was developed. Radiation hazard to both activation analysts and subsequent users of irradiated museum specimens was investigated and found to be minimal. A sample preparation technique was developed to separate annual shell layers. Three species of naiads (Quadrula q. quadrula, Amblema p. plicata,and Pontamilus alatus) were used to determine that there is no significant species effect on the concentration in the shell of the four elements investigated (calcium,manganese,strontium,and sodium). Similarly,there was no significant variation in concentration with the sex of the collected individual. The age of the collected individual did affect the concentration in the shell of both manganese and sodium,but had no significant effect on calcium or strontium concentration. Finally, a boat was designed and assembled for the specific purpose of collecting naiads from a river system. The equipment is described in some detail.