Laboratory Study of Flow and Thermal Structures in Heated and/or Cooled Layers of Water

摘要

The purpose of the report was to gain an improved understanding of the basic internal transport processes in natural waters and the interactions at the air-water interface. Thermal and flow structure in a stratified layer of water heated by radiation source and/or cooled by forced air flow over the surface was studied in the laboratory. The transport processes occurring in impounded waters were simulated in a test cell. The experimental observations during thermal stratification of a shallow layer of water indicated if sufficient radiant energy is on a transient, one-dimensional energy transfer model showed good agreement with experimental measurements. Heating from below of a nonuniformly stratified layer of water was studied to obtain understanding of turbulent mixing processes in an inherently unstable situation. A model based on conservation principles and turbulence was developed which agreed reasonably well with the experimental data.