DAMBRK: The NWS Dam-Break Flood Forecasting Model

摘要

The theoretical aspects of a mathematical model to forecast the flood hydrograph resulting from a breached dam are presented. The model (DAMBRK) is composed of two basic elements. The first simulates the outflow hydrograph due to a time-dependent, erosion-type breach of a dam using a hydraulic weir representation of the outflow through the breach. The second element routes the generated outflow hydrograph through the downstream valley via an implicit finite difference solution of the complete one-dimensional equations of unsteady flow. The model is applied to the dam-break floods which resulted from the failures of the Teton Dam and the Buffalo Creek coal-waste dam.