Pull-Out Tests on Reinforcements Embedded in Uniformly Graded Sand Subject to Vibration

摘要

The results are presented of pull-out tests on both metal and fiber reinforced plastic reinforcements installed in an experimental reinforced earth wall constructed with uniformly graded sand. To assess whether surface vibrations such as those produced by traffic could influence the behaviour of reinforced earth structures tests were carried out under both static and dynamic loading conditions. The apparent angle of friction between soil and reinforcement was always greater than that measured in direct shear tests. This effect was attributed to dilatancy of the soil around the reinforcements and any undulations induced in the reinforcements at their installation. Consequently pull-out test results should not be used directly for design purposes without interpretation. (Copyright (c) Crown Copyright 1980.)