Urban Development Resources: Economic Development Programs Around the United States

摘要

Economic development program components are discussed and illustrated with descriptions of programs operating in communities around the Nation. These components include organizational options, subsidy devices, loan mechanisms, land assembly tools, and Federal assistance programs. Economic development tools, mechanisms, and assistance programs have often been used in a fragmented manner in the past. However, trends in this area indicate that public jurisdiction efforts are becoming less divisive. Public and private activities are more coordinated than in the past, and there has been a growing emphasis on packaging development resources innovatively to meet the needs of the specific situation. Such innovation ranges from combining loan resources to combining financial, technical, and managerial mechanisms provided by Federal, State, and local development programs. A result of the increased reliance on packaging by public and private sector participants has been the encouragement of higher levels of leveraging. Packaging and increased leveraging are the basic causes of the success of present economic development efforts. Economic development case studies presented cover areas such as eminent domain, land banking, industrial revenue bonds, tax increment financing, tax abatements, loan guarantees, revolving loan funds, technical and management assistance, and planning and advisory units. An index and 10 references are included.