Vegetation Development on Disturbed Grand Fir Sites, Swan Valley, Northwestern Montana

摘要

The development of trees on clearcuts and the requirements for seedling establishment are characterized for the Abies grandis Clintonia uniflora habitat type in the Swan Valley of northwestern Montana. The herb and shrub composition of clearcuts and adjacent uncut stands is compared. These forests are best suited to even-aged management owing to their adaptation to recycling by intense fires. The clearcut, seed tree, or shelterwood systems with site preparation mimic this natural fire cycle and work well at regenerating these forests.