Uptake, Metabolism, and Disposition of Xenobiotic Chemicals in Fish. Wisconsin Power Plant Impact Study

摘要

The effects and fate in fish of a number of chemicals, including hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons, have been examined. The interactions between these chemicals and fish have been studied using several approaches. The uptake an elimination of 14C-labeled napthalene, 2-methylnapthalene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, pentachlorophenol, and pentachloroanisole were studied. Each of these chemicals was taken up rapidly by rainbow trout. Increasing the duration of exposure to 14C-napthalene or 14C-2-methylnapthalene affected the elimination of 14C-containing components from these fish. Activities of cytochrome P-450-related xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in rainbow trout livers were induced. The quantities of biliary metabolites in these fish were considerably higher than those found in non-induced trout. Piperonyl butoxide reduced levels of biliary metabolites of pentachloranisole and di-2-ethylhexyl-phthalate in trout and increased tissue levels of these chemicals. The high levels of biotransformation products of these chemicals found in fish bile during and after exposure to the chemicals in these studies support the possible use of bile sampling in pollutant-modelling programs.