Subsidisation of Urban Public Transport

摘要

Because of the general trend of increasing costs of public transport operation and higher subsidies (in some cases accompanied by falling patronage) the ECMT initiated a study of subsidization. The study, which involved 18 countries, was concerned with the aims of subsidy, the sources and conditions attached to subsidy, trends in subsidies and the effect of subsidies on patronage, fares, service levels, cost and productivity. The qualitative information concerning the sums of subsidy was analyzed in relation to the likelihood of achieving such aims, with particular reference to current experience of attempts to switch car drivers to public transport. The relationships between patronage and fares and service levels, and between subsidies and various operating factors, including costs and productivity, were studied using regression analysis and the general conclusion reached was that although the major part of the subsidy paid was reflected in reduced fares and improved service levels there may well have been some leakage into higher unit costs and manning levels. (Copyright (c) Crown Copyright 1980.)