Cold Weather Transit Technology Program, Volume 4. Advanced Countermeasures for Combating Ice and Snow Problems

摘要

The objective of the program is to improve existing transportation operations during severe cold ice and snow environments and to develop new and more effective methods for assuring the dependable operation of the systems in severe winter conditions. This volume addresses the fundamental properties of ice adhesion to a substrate, the mechanical properties which govern its removal, and the fundamentals of radio-frequency and deicing of power and signal rails.