User's Guide for Conducting Life-Cycle Chronic Toxicity Tests with Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas)

摘要

This paper represents the latest 'state-of-the-art' procedural guide for conducting life-cycle chronic toxicity tests with fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). These new procedures are based on recent evaluations of published toxicity tests and methods used by aquatic toxicologists to conduct life-cycle chronic tests and early life cycle stage tests with fathead minnows. These published papers are referenced in the appropriate place throughout the text of this report. If more detailed information on test apparatus or specific biological and chemical methods is desired, the reader is encouraged to study the reference material. All routine bioassay flow-through methods not covered in this procedure (e.g., physical and chemical determinations, handling of fish) should be followed as described in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.