Potential for the Development and Use of New Alloys to Reduce the Consumption of Chromium, Cobalt, and Manganese for Critical Applications

摘要

Cobalt, chromium and manganese are import reliant materials that are critical to many industries in the United States and are strategic to the country's defense. High temperature, corrosion resistant superalloys are the major consumers of cobalt and high purity chromium; stainless steels are the major consumers of ferrochromium; and, certain structural steels are significant consumers of manganese. These patterns of reliance will remain despite the existence of ready substitutes and potential substitutes.