Establishment and Management of Freshwater Marshes for Maximum Enhancement of Water Quality for Reuse

摘要

The objective of this study was to provide information (1) on growth and nutrient uptake responses of marsh plants to variable loading rates of N, P, and K and (2) on the response of these plants to various harvest regimes as background information for the design, maintenance, and operation of natural or artificial marshes for water quality enhancement. Five species of highly productive common marsh plants were grown in large pots with various loading rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium plus an excess of other necessary plant nutrients. The five species were the common reed (Pragmites australis), wild rice (Zizania aquatic), two species of cattail (Typha latifolia and T. angustifolia), and burreed (Sparganium eurycarpum). In general, all five species responded with increased growth to increases of N and P alone or especially in combination up to a maximum of 468 kg N/ha and 125 kg P/ha.