Appendices for Relative Effects of Chlorine and Ammonia from Wastewater Treatment Facilities on Stream Biota

摘要

Biological, chemical and physical variables were monitored in three streams receiving municipal wastewater from the Champaign-Urbana (Illinois) treatment facilities from November 1979 to February 1983. In Phase I, the streams received chlorinated secondary effluents; in Phase II, non-chlorinated secondary effluents; and in Phase III, non-chlorinated teritary treated effluents. The most important conclusions of this study are: (1) The elimination of residual chlorine from good quality secondary sewage effluents will result in quantitative and qualitative restoration of the fish communities in average Illinois streams receiving such effluents. (2) The reduction of ammonia concentrations from typical secondary treatment levels to extremely low levels by tertiary treatment will not necessarily effect obvious improvements in the fish communities of average Illinois streams. (3) The cessation of chlorination will result in marked quantitative improvements in the macroinvertebrate communities of streams receiving good quality secondary effluent, but tertiary treatment may be needed for both quantitative and qualitative recovery.