Dispersal of LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) Vapor Clouds with Water Spray Curtains. Phase 2. Wind Tunnel and Small-Scale Spill Tests

摘要

The report describes Phase 2 of a research program to develop engineering design guidelines for the use of water spray curtains to disperse liquefied natural gas vapor clouds. Parametric experiments were conducted on model scale in a wind tunnel on the interaction of water sprays with simulated LNG vapor overflowing a 60m x 60m diked area. In addition, a few outdoor experiments with spray curtains were run, spilling LNG into a 3m x 3m diked area. Tests recently completed by the (British) Health and Safety Executive were also analyzed. Spray curtains with both upward and downward sprays were effective. Downward sprays had to be inclined toward the vapor source to be effective when the ground flow of vapor was dense. Spray curtain configurations tested, both upward and downward-inclined, reduced volumetric vapor concentrations downwind of the 60m x 60m dike model in the wind tunnel to well under 5%. A preliminary design guide has been drafted although the technical data base is inadequate.