Screening and Counseling for Genetic Conditions: A Report on the Ethical, Social, and Legal Implications of Genetic Screening, Counseling, and Education Programs

摘要

The rapid advances now occurring in genetic screening techniques and the increased resources devoted to genetic counseling give Americans new opportunities to understand their biological heritage and to make their health care and reproductive plans accordingly. In this Report, the President's Commission responds to its legislative mandate to study the ethical and legal implications of these programs for genetic screening, counseling, and education. On the whole, the Commission finds that advances in genetics have greatly enhanced health and well-being. Nevertheless, due regard for the subtle interplay of social norms and individual choices is required as genetic screening and counseling become increasingly important. The new prominence of the human genetics field has already heightened public awareness of the significant issues that genetic procedures may soon raise for individual patients and their families, for health care providers, and for the public and its representatives. In responding to the Congressional request, the Commission in this report makes specific recommendations to guide those charged with designing and providing genetics programs, and reaches several general conclusions about the ethical issues at stake.