Species Profiles: Life Histories and Environmental Requirements of Coastal Fishes and Invertebrates (North Atlantic) - Atlantic Salmon

摘要

Species profiles are literature summaries on the taxonomy, morphology, range, life history and environmental requirements of coastal aquatic species. They are intended to assist in environmental impact assessment. Atlantic salmon are a highly prized sport fish and their flesh is gourmet table fare. Once abundant in New England's coastal rivers, they are only now being restored to portions of their original habitat. Populations declined following development of industries along rivers and commercial fisheries in estuaries. Atlantic salmon are anadromous. Spawning, embryo development and growth of young fish occur in freshwater streams and rivers. Juvenile survival is highest in clear, cool, well oxygenated streams. Following smoltification, a physiological change enabling entry into salt water, fish migrate downstream and then to oceanic feeding grounds near Greenland, where they grow rapidly.