Rapid Diagnosis of Respiratory Viruses by Immunochemical Methods

摘要

This is the final report of a contract to develop practical, accurate, safe, and inexpensive techniques for the rapid diagnosis of respiratory viral infections, primarily by the detection of virion components in clinical specimens. The ultimate goal of the contract was to develop tests that could be performed by small laboratories which would allow the physician to make an accurate diagnosis of specific viral infections early in the course of the illness. The proposed work was to develop tests for rapid detection and identification of influenza viruses by solid phase immunoassays employing covalent coupling of capture antibody to nylon balls or nylon powder. It was hoped that, with the use of this covalent coupling, a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) could be developed for detection of a number of respiratory viruses. During the second year of the contract the techniques for influenza virus were applied to the development of tests for respiratory syncytial virus. Various parameters were studied in the development of other solid phase immunoassays for other respiratory viruses, and the clinical parameters of importance in determining the ultimate sensitivity of such tests for diagnosis were studied.