Cost-Effective Design and Operation of Urban Stormwater Control Systems: Decision-Support Software

摘要

Although the microcomputer revolution has made powerful computer hardware available at low cost, there is still a severe lag in the availability of computer software that can aid urban water managers in finding cost-effective solutions to complex design and operational problems in stormwater and combined sewer control. A Stormwater Control Package (SWCP) is presented with user manual for introducing automation into urban stormwater control systems. The package contains state-of-the-art technology in storm inflow forecasting, fully dynamic hydraulic routing, and dynamic programming optimization. It is designed for 'simulated' real-time experimentation on application of automation to storm and combined sewer control for achieving improved performance. In addition, it is believed that application of the SWCP at the planning level can potentially save large amounts of capital in sizing of facilities through optimum regulation in real-time of storage and conveyance of stormwater. Computational experience with the North Shore Outfalls and Channel Outfalls Consolidation projects of the Clean Water Program of San Francisco is presented. In addition to operational software, an optimal sewer design package called CSUDP/SEWER is presented with user manual which also employs dynamic programming. As a screening tool, Program CSUDP/SEWER can find least-cost vertical layouts and sizings of storm drainage systems. Preliminary experience with an optimal horizontal layout procedure which combines nonlinear programming, network flow theory and CSUDP/SEWER is also presented, but more testing with large networks is needed for this algorithm.