Columbia Basin Wildlife/Irrigation Development Study

摘要

This report describes investigations conducted in the Columbia Basin, Washington, to determine the effects of irrigated farming and irrigation project operation on fish and wildlife resources. Field investigations focused on ring-necked pheasants, Canada goose, mallard, redhead, rainbow trout, and yellow perch, although other species are also discussed. Populations, nesting densities, habitat use, cover requirements, and effects of predation and human disturbance on pheasants during four seasons are discussed for six land use types. Seasonal populations, movements, and habitat use of waterfowl are related to three major wetland types. Data analysis also covered waterfowl nesting densities and brood production in relation to common carp, cattle grazing, human disturbance, and several wetland morphological characteristics. The study examines relationships between upland birds and waterfowl and agricultural crops, farming practices, operation and maintenance of irrigation canals and facilities, weather, and wildlife refuge areas. Lakes and streams are classified in Columbia Basin Project Area in relation to connection with irrigation water distribution systems.