Pooled Cross-Section Time Series Analysis, 1970-1982: Impacts of Rate Regulation on Hospital Volumes, Nursing Mix, Labor Intensity, Revenues, and Facilities

摘要

This paper summarizes 'the theoretical background and empirical results of a pooled cross-section of time series analysis for the years 1970-1982.' The researchers use a four-way comparison (before-after and experimental-control). The results are: (1) Occupancy rate - Rate review programs generally result in increased occupancy rates, other things equal. (2) Length of stay - Results were mixed regarding the impact of rate review on this variable. (3) Total admissions per bed - No clear results were identified for this factor. (4) Total outpatient visits per capita - In general, they found that rate review programs had a positive effect on outpatient visits per capita. (5) Ratio of full-time equivalent RNs to LPNs - The results, where statistically significant, suggest 'a shift toward more LPN - intensive methods of hospital production in states with regulatory programs.' (6) Registered nurses per adjusted admissions - The results for this are mixed. (7) Payroll expenses as a proportion of total expenses - This analysis indicated that, for the most part, programs exhibit a positive relationship between rate review and labor intensity. (8) Hospital revenues per bed - For mandatory programs they found mixed results, with some state programs (Arizona, Maryland, New York and Western Pennsylvania) having lower revenues than would otherwise be expected. (9) Facility mix analysis - The results suggest 'a relationship between rate regulation and the adoption and retention of a community service pattern of investment in hospital facilities.