Comparative Toxicity of the Lampricide 3-Trifluoromethyl-4-Nitrophenol to Ammocetes of Three Species of Lampreys. Toxicity of the Lampricides 3-Trifluoromethyl-4-Nitrophenol (TFM) and 2,5-Dichloro- 4'-Nitrosalicylanilide (Bayer 73) to Eggs and Nymphs of t

摘要

At each of two water temperatures (7 and 17C) and of three alkalinities (45, 90, and 180 mg/L as CaCO3), the toxicity of 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) to ammocetes was highest in the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), intermediate in the northern brook lamprey (Ichthyomyzon fossor), and lowest in the American brook lamprey (Lampetra appendix). The exclusive use of sea lamprey ammocetes in pretreatment toxidity tests, therefore, results in selection of the lowest stream treatment concentration of TFM, which in turn reduces chemical costs and increases the margin of protection for nontarget organisms.