Review of Factors Affecting Fecundity, Oviposition, and Egg Survival of Grasshoppers in North America

摘要

The reproductive potential among adult grasshoppers of one season is the most important factor governing the potential relative population of the subsequent season. Numerous biotic and abiotic factors affect the number and potential viability of eggs for a given generation. Additionally, most grasshopper species in North America spend about 10 months in the egg stage, during which eggs are vulnerable to further depredation. This review summarizes published research on factors affecting production and survival of the egg stage, including weather, nutritional status of parents, soil characteristics, parasites, predators, pathogens, and other biotic and abiotic causes.