Reducing Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) From Agricultural Soil Fumigation: Comparing Emission Estimates Using Simplified Methodology

摘要

Laboratory experiments and mathematical simulations were conducted to measure and predict volatilization of the 1,3-dichloropropene (Telone(TradeName)), chloropicrin and methyl iodide after shank or drip application into agricultural soil. The goals of this study were to (1) evaluate the effectiveness of several emission-reduction methods, including: sprinkler irrigation, organic amendment, deep injection, agricultural films, and fertilizer amendment on the volatilization of 1,3-dichloropropene, chloropicrin, and methyl iodide into the atmosphere; (2) determine if simplified data collection methods (i.e., laboratory systems and modeling) could be used to obtain total emission estimates that adequately represent large-scale systems. Comparisons were made using existing measurement of fumigant volatilization rates and total emission losses from field scale experiments, new laboratory measurements involving cylindrical and/or rectangular columns, and mathematical models of a range of complexity (i.e., analytical solutions and multidimensional numerical models). This data were compared in terms of correspondence of peak emissions and total emissions.