Indoor Air Quality Modeling, Phase 2 Report. Residential Indoor Air Quality Simulation

摘要

The interim report presents the results of Phase II of the NBS General Indoor Air Pollution Concentration Model Project. It describes the theoretical basis of a general-purpose nonreactive contaminant dispersal analysis model for buildings, the computational implementation of a portion of this model in the program CONTAM86, and examples of the application of the model to practical problems of contaminant dispersal analysis. Presently the model is being extended to handle problems of reactive contaminant dispersal analysis and full computational implementation of all portions of the model is being completed. The contaminant dispersal analysis model is based upon the idealization of building air flow systems as an assemblages of flow elements connected to discrete system nodes corresponding to well-mixed air zones within the building and its HVAC system. Equations governing the air flow processes in the building (e.g., infiltration, exfiltration, HVAC system flow, and zone-to-zone flow) and equations governing the contaminant dispersal due to the flow, accounting for contaminant generation or removal, are formulated by assembling element equations so that the fundamental requirement of conservation of mass is satisfied in each zone. The character and solution of the resulting equations are discussed, and steady and dynamic solution methods are outlined.