Technology Intensity of U.S., Canadian and Japanese Manufactures Output and Exports

摘要

The report shows Japan reduced by 50 percent the U.S. lead in technology intensity of manufactures output and exports between 1972 and 1984. Report findings based on unique comparison of estimated technology intensities at total and sectoral levels of U.S., Japanese, and Canadian output and exports. Technology intensities are based on national applied R and D expenditures and national input-output coefficients. Technology estimates account for total R and D contribution to manufactures output from (1) direct R and D expenditures by final producer and (2) indirect (upstream) R and D expenditures by domestic producers of domestically produced intermediate and capital goods inputs, and R and D expenditures by foreign producers embodied in imported inputs.