Analysis of Control Mechanisms to Reduce Nitrogen Fertilizer Applications

摘要

The study reviews evidence which indicates a need for greater Federal involvement in curbing the spread of nitrate contamination of groundwater supplies. The study discusses the various regulations and control mechanisms which could be implemented to reduce annual nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications. To develop mechanisms that reduce N fertilizer applications, one must know how much of the nitrate pool contaminating the groundwater is due to the use of N fertilizers. Knowing the impact of the N fertilizers on the nitrate pool will facilitate the development of realistic and achievable goals. However, evaluation of the impact of N fertilizers on groundwater contamination is difficult because there are several other sources contributing N. N leaches into the groundwater are dependent on a series of factors: soil type, climate, agricultural practices, as well as the timing and amount of excess water entering the soil profile. A study of the Big Spring Basin in Iowa is used as a framework for discussion.