Trace Elements, Leaching and Health Risks from Municipal Waste Combustion Ash

摘要

Combustion of municipal solid waste results in significant reduction of mass and volume (approximately 80% and 90% respectively) with recovery of usable energy in the form of steam or electricity. However, inorganic species including toxic metals and salts are concentrated in the incinerator residuals. Bottom ash and fly ash have been the focus of considerable controversy because of the potential leaching of salts and trace species such as lead, cadmium and other metals. The paper will present current data describing ash properties, leaching and treatment alternatives. USEPA's current program of testing for evaluating treatment and reuse methods will also be described.