Sistema Informativo Nazionale per la Sorveglianza delle Esposizioni Pericolose e delle Intossicazioni: Casi Rilevati nel 2009. Quarto Rapporto Annuale. (National Informative System for Surveillance of Toxic Exposures and Poisonings: Cases Identified in 20

摘要

In 2009, The National Informative System for Surveillance of Toxic Exposures and Poisonings (NIS-STEP) detected 46.303 cases of human exposure. About 44% of cases were aged less than 6 years. Male and female individuals were equally distributed. About 90% of exposures occurred at home. Reason for exposure was unintentional for about 78% ofcases, mainly related to uncontrolled access to the agent (45%), therapeutic error (8%), pouring from the original container to another (5%). Intentional circumstances were reported for 19% of cases and were mainly due to suicide attempt (16%). Clinical effects possibly related to exposure were coded in 37% of cases, while at least one treatment wasrequired in 75%. About 40% of cases were exposed to Pharmaceuticals and 57% to Non-pharmaceuticals. The most common categories of agents involved in human exposures were: cleaning substances (household) (17%),sedative/ hypnotic/antipsychotic (10%), analgesics (7%), foreign bodies (5%), pesticides (5%), antidepressants (5%), cosmetics/personal care products (4%).