Temporal and Geographic Estimates of Survival and Recovery Rates for the Mallard, 1950 through 1985

摘要

Estimates of survival and recovery rates and the corresponding sample variances and covariances were made for mallards (Anas platyrhychos) banded before the hunting season for the period 1950-85. Estimates were made for adults and young, males and females, for as many banding reference areas as possible using standard band-recovery methods.